Savitzky-Golay Hampel Filter | AlphaNattSavitzky-Golay Hampel Filter | AlphaNatt
A revolutionary indicator combining NASA's satellite data processing algorithms with robust statistical outlier detection to create the most scientifically advanced trend filter available on TradingView.
"This is the same mathematics that processes signals from the Hubble Space Telescope and analyzes data from the Large Hadron Collider - now applied to financial markets."
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🚀 SCIENTIFIC PEDIGREE
Savitzky-Golay Filter Applications:
NASA: Satellite telemetry and space probe data processing
CERN: Particle physics data analysis at the LHC
Pharmaceutical: Chromatography and spectroscopy analysis
Astronomy: Processing signals from radio telescopes
Medical: ECG and EEG signal processing
Hampel Filter Usage:
Aerospace: Cleaning sensor data from aircraft and spacecraft
Manufacturing: Quality control in precision engineering
Seismology: Earthquake detection and analysis
Robotics: Sensor fusion and noise reduction
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🧬 THE MATHEMATICS
1. Savitzky-Golay Filter
The SG filter performs local polynomial regression on data points:
Fits a polynomial of degree n to a sliding window of data
Evaluates the polynomial at the center point
Preserves higher moments (peaks, valleys) unlike moving averages
Maintains derivative information for true momentum analysis
Originally published in Analytical Chemistry (1964)
Mathematical Properties:
Optimal smoothing in the least-squares sense
Preserves statistical moments up to polynomial order
Exact derivative calculation without additional lag
Superior frequency response vs traditional filters
2. Hampel Filter
A robust outlier detector based on Median Absolute Deviation (MAD):
Identifies outliers using robust statistics
Replaces spurious values with polynomial-fitted estimates
Resistant to up to 50% contaminated data
MAD is 1.4826 times more robust than standard deviation
Outlier Detection Formula:
|x - median| > k × 1.4826 × MAD
Where k is the threshold parameter (typically 3 for 99.7% confidence)
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💎 WHY THIS IS SUPERIOR
vs Moving Averages:
Preserves peaks and valleys (critical for catching tops/bottoms)
No lag penalty for smoothness
Maintains derivative information
Polynomial fitting > simple averaging
vs Other Filters:
Outlier immunity (Hampel component)
Scientifically optimal smoothing
Preserves higher-order features
Used in billion-dollar research projects
Unique Advantages:
Feature Preservation: Maintains market structure while smoothing
Spike Immunity: Ignores false breakouts and stop hunts
Derivative Accuracy: True momentum without additional indicators
Scientific Validation: 60+ years of academic research
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⚙️ PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION
1. Polynomial Order (2-5)
2 (Quadratic): Maximum smoothing, gentle curves
3 (Cubic): Balanced smoothing and responsiveness (recommended)
4-5 (Higher): More responsive, preserves more features
2. Window Size (7-51)
Must be odd number
Larger = smoother but more lag
Formula: 2×(desired smoothing period) + 1
Default 21 = analyzes 10 bars each side
3. Hampel Threshold (1.0-5.0)
1.0: Aggressive outlier removal (68% confidence)
2.0: Moderate outlier removal (95% confidence)
3.0: Conservative outlier removal (99.7% confidence) (default)
4.0+: Only extreme outliers removed
4. Final Smoothing (1-7)
Additional WMA smoothing after filtering
1 = No additional smoothing
3-5 = Recommended for most timeframes
7 = Ultra-smooth for position trading
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📊 TRADING STRATEGIES
Signal Recognition:
Cyan Line: Bullish trend with positive derivative
Pink Line: Bearish trend with negative derivative
Color Change: Trend reversal with polynomial confirmation
1. Trend Following Strategy
Enter when price crosses above cyan filter
Exit when filter turns pink
Use filter as dynamic stop loss
Best in trending markets
2. Mean Reversion Strategy
Enter long when price touches filter from below in uptrend
Enter short when price touches filter from above in downtrend
Exit at opposite band or filter color change
Excellent for range-bound markets
3. Derivative Strategy (Advanced)
The SG filter preserves derivative information
Acceleration = second derivative > 0
Enter on positive first derivative + positive acceleration
Exit on negative second derivative (momentum slowing)
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📈 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Strengths:
Outlier Immunity: Ignores stop hunts and flash crashes
Feature Preservation: Catches tops/bottoms better than MAs
Smooth Output: Reduces whipsaws significantly
Scientific Basis: Not curve-fitted or optimized to markets
Considerations:
Slight lag in extreme volatility (all filters have this)
Requires odd window sizes (mathematical requirement)
More complex than simple moving averages
Best with liquid instruments
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🔬 SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND
Savitzky-Golay Publication:
"Smoothing and Differentiation of Data by Simplified Least Squares Procedures"
- Abraham Savitzky & Marcel Golay
- Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 36, No. 8, 1964
Hampel Filter Origin:
"Robust Statistics: The Approach Based on Influence Functions"
- Frank Hampel et al., 1986
- Princeton University Press
These techniques have been validated in thousands of scientific papers and are standard tools in:
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory
European Space Agency
CERN (Large Hadron Collider)
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Max Planck Institutes
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💡 ADVANCED TIPS
News Trading: Lower Hampel threshold before major events to catch spikes
Scalping: Use Order=2 for maximum smoothness, Window=11 for responsiveness
Position Trading: Increase Window to 31+ for long-term trends
Combine with Volume: Strong trends need volume confirmation
Multiple Timeframes: Use daily for trend, hourly for entry
Watch the Derivative: Filter color changes when first derivative changes sign
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⚠️ IMPORTANT NOTICES
Not financial advice - educational purposes only
Past performance does not guarantee future results
Always use proper risk management
Test settings on your specific instrument and timeframe
No indicator is perfect - part of complete trading system
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🏆 CONCLUSION
The Savitzky-Golay Hampel Filter represents the pinnacle of scientific signal processing applied to financial markets. By combining polynomial regression with robust outlier detection, traders gain access to the same mathematical tools that:
Guide spacecraft to other planets
Detect gravitational waves from black holes
Analyze particle collisions at near light-speed
Process signals from deep space
This isn't just another indicator - it's rocket science for trading .
"When NASA needs to separate signal from noise in billion-dollar missions, they use these exact algorithms. Now you can too."
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Developed by AlphaNatt
Version: 1.0
Release: 2025
Pine Script: v6
"Where Space Technology Meets Market Analysis"
Not financial advice. Always DYOR
ค้นหาในสคริปต์สำหรับ "如何用wind搜索股票的发行价和份数"
Dynamic Score Supertrend [QuantAlgo]Dynamic Score Supertrend 📈🚀
The Dynamic Score Supertrend by QuantAlgo introduces a sophisticated trend-following tool that combines the well-known Supertrend indicator with an innovative dynamic trend scoring technique . By tracking market momentum through a scoring system that evaluates price behavior over a customizable window, this indicator adapts to changing market conditions. The result is a clearer, more adaptive tool that helps traders and investors detect and capitalize on trend shifts with greater precision.
💫 Conceptual Foundation and Innovation
At the core of the Dynamic Score Supertrend is the dynamic trend score system , which measures price movements relative to the Supertrend’s upper and lower bands. This scoring technique adds a layer of trend validation, assessing the strength of price trends over time. Unlike traditional Supertrend indicators that rely solely on ATR calculations, this system incorporates a scoring mechanism that provides more insight into trend direction, allowing traders and investors to navigate both trending and choppy markets with greater confidence.
✨ Technical Composition and Calculation
The Dynamic Score Supertrend utilizes the Average True Range (ATR) to calculate the upper and lower Supertrend bands. The dynamic trend scoring technique then compares the price to these bands over a customizable window, generating a trend score that reflects the current market direction.
When the score exceeds the uptrend or downtrend thresholds, it signals a possible shift in market direction. By adjusting the ATR settings and window length, the indicator becomes more adaptable to different market conditions, from steady trends to periods of higher volatility. This customization allows users to refine the Supertrend’s sensitivity and responsiveness based on their trading or investing style.
📈 Features and Practical Applications
Customizable ATR Settings: Adjust the ATR length and multiplier to control the sensitivity of the Supertrend bands. This allows the indicator to smooth out noise or react more quickly to price shifts, depending on market conditions.
Window Length for Dynamic Scoring: Modify the window length to adjust how many data points the scoring system considers, allowing you to tailor the indicator’s responsiveness to short-term or long-term trends.
Uptrend/Downtrend Thresholds: Set thresholds for identifying trend signals. Increase these thresholds for more reliable signals in choppy markets, or lower them for more aggressive entry points in trending markets.
Bar and Background Coloring: Visual cues such as bar coloring and background fills highlight the direction of the current trend, making it easier to spot potential reversals and trend shifts.
Trend Confirmation: The dynamic trend score system provides a clearer confirmation of trend strength, helping you identify strong, sustained movements while filtering out false signals.
⚡️ How to Use
✅ Add the Indicator: Add the Dynamic Score Supertrend to your favourites, then apply it to your chart. Adjust the ATR length, multiplier, and dynamic score settings to suit your trading or investing strategy.
👀 Monitor Trend Shifts: Track price movements relative to the Supertrend bands and use the dynamic trend score to confirm the strength of a trend. Bar and background colors make it easy to visualize key trend shifts.
🔔 Set Alerts: Configure alerts when the dynamic trend score crosses key thresholds, so you can act on significant trend changes without constantly monitoring the charts.
🌟 Summary and Usage Tips
The Dynamic Score Supertrend by QuantAlgo is a robust trend-following tool that combines the power of the Supertrend with an advanced dynamic scoring system. This approach provides more adaptable and reliable trend signals, helping traders and investors make informed decisions in trending markets. The customizable ATR settings and scoring thresholds make it versatile across various market conditions, allowing you to fine-tune the indicator for both short-term momentum and long-term trend following. To maximize its effectiveness, adjust the settings based on current market volatility and use the visual cues to confirm trend shifts. The Dynamic Score Supertrend offers a refined, probabilistic approach to trading and investing, making it a valuable addition to your toolkit.
Rolling Correlation with Bitcoin V1.1 [ADRIDEM]Overview
The Rolling Correlation with Bitcoin script is designed to offer a comprehensive view of the correlation between the selected ticker and Bitcoin. This script helps investors understand the relationship between the performance of the current ticker and Bitcoin over a rolling period, providing insights into their interconnected behavior. Below is a detailed presentation of the script and its unique features.
Unique Features of the New Script
Bitcoin Comparison : Allows users to compare the correlation of the current ticker with Bitcoin, providing an analysis of their relationship.
Customizable Rolling Window : Enables users to set the length for the rolling window, adapting to different market conditions and timeframes. The default value is 252 bars, which approximates one year of trading days, but it can be adjusted as needed.
Smoothing Option : Includes an option to apply a smoothing simple moving average (SMA) to the correlation coefficient, helping to reduce noise and highlight trends. The smoothing length is customizable, with a default value of 4 bars.
Visual Indicators : Plots the smoothed correlation coefficient between the current ticker and Bitcoin, with distinct colors for easy interpretation. Additionally, horizontal lines help identify key levels of correlation.
Dynamic Background Color : Adds dynamic background colors to highlight areas of strong positive and negative correlations, enhancing visual clarity.
Originality and Usefulness
This script uniquely combines the analysis of rolling correlation for a current ticker with Bitcoin, providing a comparative view of their relationship. The inclusion of a customizable rolling window and smoothing option enhances its adaptability and usefulness in various market conditions.
Signal Description
The script includes several features that highlight potential insights into the correlation between the assets:
Rolling Correlation with Bitcoin : Plotted as a red line, this represents the smoothed rolling correlation coefficient between the current ticker and Bitcoin.
Horizontal Lines and Background Color : Lines at -0.5, 0, and 0.5 help to quickly identify regions of strong negative, weak, and strong positive correlations.
These features assist in identifying the strength and direction of the relationship between the current ticker and Bitcoin.
Detailed Description
Input Variables
Length for Rolling Window (`length`) : Defines the range for calculating the rolling correlation coefficient. Default is 252.
Smoothing Length (`smoothing_length`) : The number of periods for the smoothing SMA. Default is 4.
Bitcoin Ticker (`bitcoin_ticker`) : The ticker symbol for Bitcoin. Default is "BINANCE:BTCUSDT".
Functionality
Correlation Calculation : The script calculates the daily returns for both Bitcoin and the current ticker and computes their rolling correlation coefficient.
```pine
bitcoin_close = request.security(bitcoin_ticker, timeframe.period, close)
bitcoin_dailyReturn = ta.change(bitcoin_close) / bitcoin_close
current_dailyReturn = ta.change(close) / close
rolling_correlation = ta.correlation(current_dailyReturn, bitcoin_dailyReturn, length)
```
Smoothing : A simple moving average is applied to the rolling correlation coefficient to smooth the data.
```pine
smoothed_correlation = ta.sma(rolling_correlation, smoothing_length)
```
Plotting : The script plots the smoothed rolling correlation coefficient and includes horizontal lines for key levels.
```pine
plot(smoothed_correlation, title="Rolling Correlation with Bitcoin", color=color.rgb(255, 82, 82, 50), linewidth=2)
h_neg1 = hline(-1, "-1 Line", color=color.gray)
h_neg05 = hline(-0.5, "-0.5 Line", color=color.red)
h0 = hline(0, "Zero Line", color=color.gray)
h_pos05 = hline(0.5, "0.5 Line", color=color.green)
h1 = hline(1, "1 Line", color=color.gray)
fill(h_neg1, h_neg05, color=color.rgb(255, 0, 0, 90), title="Strong Negative Correlation Background")
fill(h_neg05, h0, color=color.rgb(255, 165, 0, 90), title="Weak Negative Correlation Background")
fill(h0, h_pos05, color=color.rgb(255, 255, 0, 90), title="Weak Positive Correlation Background")
fill(h_pos05, h1, color=color.rgb(0, 255, 0, 90), title="Strong Positive Correlation Background")
```
How to Use
Configuring Inputs : Adjust the rolling window length and smoothing length as needed. Ensure the Bitcoin ticker is set to the desired asset for comparison.
Interpreting the Indicator : Use the plotted correlation coefficient and horizontal lines to assess the strength and direction of the relationship between the current ticker and Bitcoin.
Signal Confirmation : Look for periods of strong positive or negative correlation to identify potential co-movements or divergences. The background colors help to highlight these key levels.
This script provides a detailed comparative view of the correlation between the current ticker and Bitcoin, aiding in more informed decision-making by highlighting the strength and direction of their relationship.
AI Channels (Clustering) [LuxAlgo]The AI Channels indicator is constructed based on rolling K-means clustering, a common machine learning method used for clustering analysis. These channels allow users to determine the direction of the underlying trends in the price.
We also included an option to display the indicator as a trailing stop from within the settings.
🔶 USAGE
Each channel extremity allows users to determine the current trend direction. Price breaking over the upper extremity suggesting an uptrend, and price breaking below the lower extremity suggesting a downtrend. Using a higher Window Size value will return longer-term indications.
The "Clusters" setting allows users to control how easy it is for the price to break an extremity, with higher values returning extremities further away from the price.
The "Denoise Channels" is enabled by default and allows to see less noisy extremities that are more coherent with the detected trend.
Users who wish to have more focus on a detected trend can display the indicator as a trailing stop.
🔹 Centroid Dispersion Areas
Each extremity is made of one area. The width of each area indicates how spread values within a cluster are around their centroids. A wider area would suggest that prices within a cluster are more spread out around their centroid, as such one could say that it is indicative of the volatility of a cluster.
Wider areas around a specific extremity can indicate a larger and more spread-out amount of prices within the associated cluster. In practice price entering an area has a higher chance to break an associated extremity.
🔶 DETAILS
The indicator performs K-means clustering over the most recent Window Size prices, finding a number of user-specified clusters. See here to find more information on cluster detection.
The channel extremities are returned as the centroid of the lowest, average, and highest price clusters.
K-means clustering can be computationally expensive and as such we allow users to determine the maximum number of iterations used to find the centroids as well as the number of most historical bars to perform the indicator calculation. Do note that increasing the calculation window of the indicator as well as the number of clusters will return slower results.
🔶 SETTINGS
Window Size: Amount of most recent prices to use for the calculation of the indicator.
Clusters": Amount of clusters detected for the calculation of the indicator.
Denoise Channels: When enabled, return less noisy channels extremities, disabling this setting will return the exact centroids at each time but will produce less regular extremities.
As Trailing Stop: Display the indicator as a trailing stop.
🔹 Optimization
This group of settings affects the runtime performance of the script.
Maximum Iteration Steps: Maximum number of iterations allowed for finding centroids. Excessively low values can return a better script load time but poor clustering.
Historical Bars Calculation: Calculation window of the script (in bars).
Z-HistogramIt is possible to approximate the underlying distribution of a random variable by using what is called an "Histogram". In order to construct an histogram one must first split the data into several intervals (also called bins) often of the same size and count the number of values falling within each intervals, the histogram plot is then constructed with the X axis representing the measured variable and the Y axis representing the frequency.
The proposed script aim to estimate the underlying distribution of a rolling z-score by constructing its histogram, here the histogram consist of 13 bins of width 0.5 rolling standard deviations. The length setting define the rolling z-score period, the window setting define the number of past data to be counted, finally using the "Total" option (true by default) will count all the rolling z-scores values since the first bar, in order to use the window setting make sure to uncheck the "Total" option.
DISPLAY
In order to see the entirety of the histogram make sure to double click on the indicator window and to have all the lower panels (text notes, pine editor...etc) hidden, finally make sure to zoom-in in order to see the frequency numbers displayed.
Z-Histogram on BTCUSD 15 min TF, the blue bins represent intervals situated over 0 while red bins represent intervals situated under 0. Here σ represent the X-axis in standard deviations, the histogram start with a bin situated at σ = -3 which count the number of times the rolling z-score was within -3 and -2.5, the histogram end with the bin situated at σ = 3 which count the number of time the rolling z-score was within 3 and 3.5.
It is also possible to look at the shape of the histogram without having the indicator window at full size.
INTERPREATION
An histogram can give really interesting information such as overall trend direction and strength. The direction can be measured by looking at the skewness of the histogram, with a negative skewness (the peak of the histogram situated at the right from the center) representing down-trending variations and positive skewness (the peak of the histogram situated at the left from the center) representing up-trending variations, while a symmetrical histogram could represent a ranging market. The farther away the peak of the histogram is situated from the center, the stronger the trend.
Another interesting characteristic is the tailedness of the histogram, which can give information about the cleanliness of the trend, for example a positive skew and high tailedness would represent a clean up-trend, as it could suggest less variations contrary to the main trend.
An histogram applied to the rolling z-score can give various useful information. As a recall the rolling z-score of the price measure the distance between the closing price and its moving average in term of rolling standard deviations, for example if the rolling z-score is equal to 2 it means that the closing price is currently 2 rolling standard deviations over its moving average.
Lets for example analyze the histogram using INTC 15 min tf with a window of 456 bars and rolling z-score of length = 100 in order to review longer term variations.
We can see from the histogram that the uptrend visible on the chart is represented by the bins situated over 0 having an overall higher frequency than the bins under 0, we can see that the closing price tended to stay between 1 and 1.5 rolling standard deviations over its period 100 moving average. Here bins under 0 accounts for retracements in the trend.
IN SUMMARY
An histogram can give various information regarding the price evolution of a security, the proposed script aim to plot the histogram of a rolling z-score. Now this script might not be too useful but it was fun to make, also it does not mean that an histogram is not an useful tool in the context of trading, the only thing required is a god implementation of it (like volume profiles for example)
In this post we have also reviewed some important statistical concepts such as distributions, z-score, skewness and tailedness, each being extremely important in the quantitative trading field.
Thx for reading !
BEST Dollar Cost AverageHello traders
This is an upgraded version of my Dollar Cost Average (Data Window) script
1 - What is Dollar-Cost Averaging ( DCA )?
Dollar-Cost Averaging is a strategy that allows an investor to buy the same dollar amount of investment at regular intervals. The purchases occur regardless of the asset's price.
I hope you're hungry because that one is a biggie and gave me a few headaches. Happy that it's getting out of my way finally and I can offer it
🔸 This indicator will analyze for the defined date range, how a dollar-cost average ( DCA ) method would have performed (green panel) versus investing all the hard earnt money at the beginning (orange panel)
=> green versus orange
2- What's on the menu today?
My indicator works with all asset classes and with the daily/weekly/monthly inputs.
⚠️⚠️⚠️ However, results are only visible on the DAILY timeframe chart
As always, let's review quickly the different fields so that you'll understand how to use it (and I won't get spammed with questions in DM ^^)
🔸 Use current resolution: if checked will use the resolution of the chart
🔸 The timeframe used for DCA: different timeframe to be used if Use current resolution is unchecked
🔸 Amount invested in your local currency: The amount in Fiat money that will be invested at each period selected above
🔸 Starting Date
🔸 Ending Date
🔹 The script screenshot shows a DCA with 100 USD invested daily from 01.01.2017 to 01.28.2020
3- Bonus (DATA WINDOW)
🔸 Please check this screenshot to understand what you're supposed to see: Data window
And a quick video that I did months ago explaining how we can use this data window effectively
4 - Specifications used
I got the idea from this website dcabtc.com and the result shown by this website and my indicator are very interesting in general and for your own trading
The formula used for the DCA calculation is the one from the Investopedia website.
Best regards and best of luck
Dave
Currency Correlation indicator for the major currenciesThis Pine script creates a currency correlation graph with 6 correlations in a separate window below the main chart.
The indicator supports the following 8 currencies: AUD, CAD, CHF, EUR, GBP, JPY, NZD, USD
Correlations can be selected to be either related to the base or the counter currency (default is base). The length of the correlation can be chosen (default is 10).
Correlations are given for related currencies e.g. for all AUD pairs.
If Base currency is selected and e.g. AUDCAD is displayed in the main window, then the correlation window will compare AUDCAD to: AUDCHF, AUDEUR, AUDGBP, AUDJPY, AUDNZD, AUDUSD
If Counter currency is seleted and e.g. AUDCAD is displayed in the main window, then the correlation window will compare AUDCAD to: CHFCAD, EURCAD, GBPCAD, JPYCAD, NZDCAD, USDCAD
Many of the above currency pairs are not real pairs. But they are availabe in Pine script to enable e.g. correlation calculations.
The advantage is that e.g. the comparison between AUDCAD and EURAUD will give a positive correlation, if AUD is gaining in strenght and EUR and CAD are not changing in strenght.
Eventhough price is moving in the opposite direction the correlation is positive in the AUDCAD vs EURAUD example.
Commodity Channel Index DualThe CCI Dual is a custom TradingView indicator built in Pine Script v5, designed to help traders identify potential buy and sell signals using two Commodity Channel Index (CCI) oscillators. It combines a shorter-period CCI (default: 14) for quick momentum detection with a longer-period CCI (default: 50) for confirmation, focusing on mean-reversion opportunities in overbought or oversold conditions.
This setup is particularly suited for volatile markets like cryptocurrencies on higher timeframes (e.g., 3-day charts), where it highlights reversals by requiring both CCIs to cross out of extreme zones within a short window (default: 3 bars).
The indicator plots the CCIs, customizable bands (inner: 100, OB/OS: 175, outer: 200), dynamic fills for visual emphasis, background highlights for signals, and alert conditions for notifications.
How It Works
The indicator calculates two CCIs based on user-defined lengths and source (default: close price):
CCI Calculation: CCI measures price deviation from its average, using the formula: CCI = (Typical Price - Simple Moving Average) / (0.015 * Mean Deviation). The short CCI reacts faster to price changes, while the long CCI provides smoother, trend-aware confirmation.
Overbought/Oversold Levels: Customizable thresholds define extremes (Overbought at +175, Oversold at -175 by default). Bands are plotted at inner (±100), mid (±175 dashed), and outer (±200) levels, with gray fills for the outer zones.
Dynamic Fills: The longer CCI is used to shade areas beyond OB/OS levels in red (overbought) or green (oversold) for quick visual cues.
Signals:
Buy Signal: Triggers when both CCIs cross above the Oversold level (-175) within the signal window (3 bars). This suggests a potential upward reversal from an oversold state.
Sell Signal: Triggers when both cross below the Overbought level (+175) within the window, indicating a possible downward reversal.
Visuals and Alerts: Buy signals highlight the background green, sells red. Separate alertconditions allow setting TradingView alerts for buys or sells independently.
Customization: Adjust lengths, levels, and window via inputs to fit your timeframe or asset—e.g., higher OB/OS for crypto volatility.
This logic reduces noise by requiring dual confirmation, but like all oscillators, it can produce false signals in strong trends where prices stay extended.
To mitigate false signals (e.g., in trending markets), layer the CCI Dual with MACD (default: 12,26,9) and RSI (default: 14) for multi-indicator confirmation:
With MACD: Only take CCI buys if the MACD line is above the signal line (or histogram positive), confirming bullish momentum. For sells, require MACD bearish crossover. This filters counter-trend signals by aligning with trend strength—e.g., ignore CCI sells if MACD shows upward momentum.
With RSI: Confirm CCI oversold buys only if RSI is below 30 and rising (or shows bullish divergence). For overbought sells, RSI above 70 and falling. This adds overextension validation, reducing whipsaws in crypto trends.
I made this customizable for you to find what works best for your asset you are trading. I trade the 6 hour and 3 day timeframe mainly on major cryptocurrency pairs. I hope you enjoy this script and it serves you well.
Moving Average Adaptive RSI [BackQuant]Moving Average Adaptive RSI
What this is
A momentum oscillator that reshapes classic RSI into a zero-centered column plot and makes it adaptive. It builds RSI from two parts:
• A sensitivity window that scans several recent bars to capture the strongest up and down impulses.
• A selectable moving average that smooths those impulses before computing RSI.
The output ranges roughly from −100 to +100 with 0 as the midline, with optional extra smoothing and built-in divergence detection.
How it works
Impulse extraction
• For each bar the script inspects the last rsi_sen bars and collects upward and downward price changes versus the current price.
• It keeps the maximum upward change and maximum downward change from that window, emphasizing true bursts over single-bar noise.
MA-based averaging
• The up and down impulse series are averaged with your chosen MA over rsi_len bars.
• Supported MA types: SMA, EMA, DEMA, WMA, HMA, SMMA (RMA), TEMA.
Zero-centered RSI transform
• RS = UpMA ÷ DownMA, then mapped to a symmetric scale: 100 − 200 ÷ (1 + RS) .
• Above 0 implies positive momentum bias. Below 0 implies negative momentum bias.
Optional extra smoothing
• A second smoothing pass can be applied to the final oscillator using smoothing_len and smooth_type . Toggle with “Use Extra Smoothing”.
Visual encoding
• The oscillator is drawn as columns around the zero line with a gradient that intensifies toward extremes.
• Static bands mark 80 to 100 and −80 to −100 for extreme conditions.
Key inputs and what they change
• Price Source : input series for momentum.
• Calculation Period (rsi_len) : primary averaging window on up and down components. Higher = smoother, slower.
• Sensitivity (rsi_sen) : how many recent bars are scanned to find max impulses. Higher = more responsive to bursts.
• Calculation Type (ma_type) : MA family that shapes the core behavior. HMA or DEMA is faster, SMA or SMMA is slower.
• Smoothing Type and Length : optional second pass to calm noise on the final output.
• UI toggles : show or hide the oscillator, candle painting, and extreme bands.
Reading the oscillator
• Midline cross up (0) : momentum bias turning positive.
• Midline cross down (0) : momentum bias turning negative.
• Positive territory :
– 0 to 40: constructive but not stretched.
– 40 to 80: strong momentum, continuation more likely.
– Above 80: extreme risk of mean reversion grows.
• Negative territory : mirror the same levels for the downside.
Divergence detection
The script plots four divergence types using pivot highs and lows on both price and the oscillator. Lookbacks are set by lbL and lbR .
• Regular bullish : price lower low, oscillator higher low. Possible downside exhaustion.
• Hidden bullish : price higher low, oscillator lower low. Bias to trend continuation up.
• Regular bearish : price higher high, oscillator lower high. Possible upside exhaustion.
• Hidden bearish : price lower high, oscillator higher high. Bias to trend continuation down.
Labels: ℝ for regular, ℍ for hidden. Green for bullish, red for bearish.
Candle coloring
• Optional bar painting: green when the oscillator is above 0, red when below 0. This is for visual scanning only.
Strengths
• Adaptive sensitivity via a rolling impulse window that responds to genuine bursts.
• Configurable MA core so you can match responsiveness to the instrument.
• Zero-centered scale for simple regime reads with 0 as a clear bias line.
• Built-in regular and hidden divergence mapping.
• Flexible across symbols and timeframes once tuned.
Limitations and cautions
• Trends can remain extended. Treat extremes as context rather than automatic reversal signals.
• Divergence quality depends on pivot lookbacks. Short lookbacks give more signals with more noise. Long lookbacks reduce noise but add lag.
• Double smoothing can delay zero-line transitions. Balance smoothness and timeliness.
Practical usage ideas
• Regime filter : only take long setups from your separate method when the oscillator is above 0, shorts when below 0.
• Pullback confirmation : in uptrends, look for dips that hold above 0 or turn up from 0 to 40. Reverse for downtrends.
• Divergence as a heads-up : wait for a zero-line cross or a price trigger before acting on divergence.
• Sensitivity tuning : start with rsi_sen 2 to 5 on faster timeframes, increase slightly on slower charts.
Alerts
• MA-A RSI Long : oscillator crosses above 0.
• MA-A RSI Short : oscillator crosses below 0.
Use these as bias or timing aids, not standalone trade commands.
Settings quick reference
• Calculation : Price Source, Calculation Type, Calculation Period, Sensitivity.
• Smoothing : Smoothing Type, Smoothing Length, Use Extra Smoothing.
• UI : Show Oscillator, Paint Candles, Show Static High and Low Levels.
• Divergences : Pivot Lookback Left and Right, Div Signal Length, Show Detected Divergences.
Final thoughts
This tool reframes RSI by extracting strong short-term impulses and averaging them with a moving-average model of your choice, then presenting a zero-centered output for clear regime reads. Pair it with your structure, risk and execution process, and tune sensitivity and smoothing to the market you trade.
Volumetric Support and Resistance [BackQuant]Volumetric Support and Resistance
What this is
This Overlay locates price levels where both structure and participation have been meaningful. It combines classical swing points with a volume filter, then manages those levels on the chart as price evolves. Each level carries:
• A reference price (support or resistance)
• An estimate of the volume that traded around that price
• A touch counter that updates when price retests it
• A visual box whose thickness is scaled by volatility
The result is a concise map of candidate support and resistance that is informed by both price location and how much trading occurred there.
How levels are built
Find structural pivots uses ta.pivothigh and ta.pivotlow with a user set sensitivity. Larger sensitivity looks for broader swings. Smaller sensitivity captures tighter turns.
Require meaningful volume computes an average volume over a lookback period and forms a volume ratio for the current bar. A pivot only becomes a level when the ratio is at least the volume significance multiplier.
Avoid clustering checks a minimum level distance (as a percent of price). If a candidate is too close to an existing level, it is skipped to keep the map readable.
Attach a volume strength to the level estimates volume strength by averaging the volume of recent bars whose high to low range spans that price. Levels with unusually high strength are flagged as high volume.
Store and draw levels are kept in an array with fields for price, type, volume, touches, creation bar, and a box handle. On the last bar, each level is drawn as a horizontal box centered at the price with a vertical thickness scaled by ATR. Borders are thicker when the level is marked high volume. Boxes can extend into the future.
How levels evolve over time
• Aging and pruning : levels are removed if they are too old relative to the lookback or if you exceed the maximum active levels.
• Break detection : a level can be removed when price closes through it by more than a break threshold set as a fraction of ATR. Toggle with Remove Broken Levels.
• Touches : when price approaches within the break threshold, the level’s touch counter increments.
Visual encoding
• Boxes : support boxes are green, resistance boxes are red. Box height uses an ATR based thickness so tolerance scales with volatility. Transparency is fixed in this version. Borders are thicker on high volume levels.
• Volume annotation : show the estimated volume inside the box or as a label at the right. If a level has more than one touch, a suffix like “(2x)” is appended.
• Extension : boxes can extend a fixed number of bars into the future and can be set to extend right.
• High volume bar tint : bars with volume above average × multiplier are tinted green if up and red if down.
Inputs at a glance
Core Settings
• Level Detection Sensitivity — pivot window for swing detection
• Volume Significance Multiplier — minimum volume ratio to accept a pivot
• Lookback Period — window for average volume and maintenance rules
Level Management
• Maximum Active Levels — cap on concurrently drawn levels
• Minimum Level Distance (%) — required spacing between level prices
Visual Settings
• Remove Broken Levels — drop a level once price closes decisively through it
• Show Volume Information on Levels — annotate volume and touches
• Extend Levels to Right — carry boxes forward
Enhanced Visual Settings
• Show Volume Text Inside Box — text placement option
• Volume Based Transparency and Volume Based Border Thickness — helper logic provided; current draw block fixes transparency and increases border width on high volume levels
Colors
• Separate colors for support, resistance, and their high volume variants
How it can be used
• Trade planning : use the most recent support and resistance as reference zones for entries, profit taking, or stop placement. ATR scaled thickness provides a practical buffer.
• Context for patterns : combine with breakouts, pullbacks, or candle patterns. A breakout through a high volume resistance carries more informational weight than one through a thin level.
• Prioritization : when multiple levels are nearby, prefer high volume or higher touch counts.
• Regime adaptation : widen sensitivity and increase minimum distance in fast regimes to avoid clutter. Tighten them in calm regimes to capture more granularity.
Why volume support and resistance is used in trading
Support and resistance relate to willingness to transact at certain prices. Volume measures participation. When many contracts change hands near a price:
• More market players hold inventory there, often creating responsive behavior on retests
• Order flow can concentrate again to defend or to exit
• Breaks can be cleaner as trapped inventory rebalances
Conditioning level detection on above average activity focuses attention on prices that mattered to more participants.
Alerts
• New Support Level Created
• New Resistance Level Created
• Level Touch Alert
• Level Break Alert
Strengths
• Dual filter of structure and participation, reducing trivial swing points
• Self cleaning map that retires old or invalid levels
• Volatility aware presentation using ATR based thickness
• Touch counting for persistence assessment
• Tunable inputs for instrument and timeframe
Limitations and caveats
• Volume strength is an approximation based on bars spanning the price, not true per price volume
• Pivots confirm after the sensitivity window completes, so new levels appear with a delay
• Narrow ranges can still cluster levels unless minimum distance is increased
• Large gaps may jump past levels and immediately trigger break conditions
Practical tuning guide
• If the chart is crowded: increase sensitivity, increase minimum level distance, or reduce maximum active levels
• If useful levels are missed: reduce volume multiplier or sensitivity
• If you want stricter break removal: increase the ATR based break threshold in code
• For instruments with session patterns: tailor the lookback period to a representative window
Interpreting touches and breaks
• First touch after creation is a validation test
• Multiple shallow touches suggest absorption; a later break may then travel farther
• Breaks on high current volume merit extra attention
Multi timeframe usage
Levels are computed on the active chart timeframe. A common workflow is to keep a higher timeframe instance for structure and a lower timeframe instance for execution. Align trades with higher timeframe levels where possible.
Final Thoughts
This indicator builds a lightweight, self updating map of support and resistance grounded in swings and participation. It is not a full market profile, but it captures much of the practical benefit with modest complexity. Treat levels as context and decision zones, not guarantees. Combine with your entry logic and risk controls.
XAU 1H Clean Confluence — Micro Table v2XAU 1H Clean Confluence — Micro Table
What it is
A clean, low-clutter 1-hour XAUUSD indicator that summarizes confluences in a compact on-chart table. It’s designed for traders who want structure + momentum + location without covering the chart in drawings.
Best used on: ICMARKETS:XAUUSD or your broker’s XAUUSD feed, 1H timeframe.
Style: Table-only by default (optional EMA200 line and tiny signal markers).
How signals are built (long example; shorts mirror)
A Long Confluence is printed when all of the below are true:
Trend alignment: EMA20 > EMA50 > EMA200
Pullback & re-engage: price crossed back above EMA20 after a pullback
RSI regime: RSI(14) crosses up through 50 (trend confirmation)
Displacement/imbalance: a 3-candle Bull FVG exists (low > high )
Structure: either a BOS up or CHOCH up via swing pivots (pivotLen input)
Sweep (optional): if enabled, require a sweep of Asian Low and/or PDL first
Time gating (optional): only during London/NY windows and outside news windows
Short signals use the mirrored conditions (EMA stack down, cross back below EMA20, RSI cross down through 50, Bear FVG, BOS/CHOCH down, optional Asian High/PDH sweep).
ICT Silver Bullet Zones (All Sessions)This Pine Script v6 indicator highlights the ICT Silver Bullet windows (10:00–11:00 local time) for all major forex/trading sessions: London, New York AM, New York PM, and Asia.
✅ Features:
Clearly visualizes Silver Bullet zones for each session.
Labels are centered inside each zone for easy identification.
Fully compatible with Pine Script v6 and TradingView.
Adjustable opacity and label size for better chart visibility.
Works on any timeframe and keeps historical zones visible.
Use Case:
Perfect for ICT strategy traders who want to identify high-probability trading windows during major market sessions. Helps in planning entries and understanding liquidity timing without cluttering the chart.
Instructions:
Add the script to your TradingView chart.
Adjust opacity and label size to suit your chart style.
Observe the SB zones for all sessions and plan trades according to ICT methodology.
VWAP For Loop [BackQuant]VWAP For Loop
What this tool does—in one sentence
A volume-weighted trend gauge that anchors VWAP to a calendar period (day/week/month/quarter/year) and then scores the persistence of that VWAP trend with a simple for-loop “breadth” count; the result is a clean, threshold-driven oscillator plus an optional VWAP overlay and alerts.
Plain-English overview
Instead of judging raw price alone, this indicator focuses on anchored VWAP —the market’s average price paid during your chosen institutional period. It then asks a simple question across a configurable set of lookback steps: “Is the current anchored VWAP higher than it was i bars ago—or lower?” Each “yes” adds +1, each “no” adds −1. Summing those answers creates a score that reflects how consistently the volume-weighted trend has been rising or falling. Extreme positive scores imply persistent, broad strength; deeply negative scores imply persistent weakness. Crossing predefined thresholds produces objective long/short events and color-coded context.
Under the hood
• Anchoring — VWAP using hlc3 × volume resets exactly when the selected period rolls:
Day → session change, Week → new week, Month → new month, Quarter/Year → calendar quarter/year.
• For-loop scoring — For lag steps i = , compare today’s VWAP to VWAP .
– If VWAP > VWAP , add +1.
– Else, add −1.
The final score ∈ , where N = (end − start + 1). With defaults (1→45), N = 45.
• Signal logic (stateful)
– Long when score > upper (e.g., > 40 with N = 45 → VWAP higher than ~89% of checked lags).
– Short on crossunder of lower (e.g., dropping below −10).
– A compact state variable ( out ) holds the current regime: +1 (long), −1 (short), otherwise unchanged. This “stickiness” avoids constant flipping between bars without sufficient evidence.
Why VWAP + a breadth score?
• VWAP aggregates both price and volume—where participants actually traded.
• The breadth-style count rewards consistency of the anchored trend, not one-off spikes.
• Thresholds give you binary structure when you need it (alerts, automation), without complex math.
What you’ll see on the chart
• Sub-pane oscillator — The for-loop score line, colored by regime (long/short/neutral).
• Main-pane VWAP (optional) — Even though the indicator runs off-chart, the anchored VWAP can be overlaid on price (toggle visibility and whether it inherits trend colors).
• Threshold guides — Horizontal lines for the long/short bands (toggle).
• Cosmetics — Optional candle painting and background shading by regime; adjustable line width and colors.
Input map (quick reference)
• VWAP Anchor Period — Day, Week, Month, Quarter, Year.
• Calculation Start/End — The for-loop lag window . With 1→45, you evaluate 45 comparisons.
• Long/Short Thresholds — Default upper=40, lower=−10 (asymmetric by design; see below).
• UI/Style — Show thresholds, paint candles, background color, line width, VWAP visibility and coloring, custom long/short colors.
Interpreting the score
• Near +N — Current anchored VWAP is above most historical VWAP checkpoints in the window → entrenched strength.
• Near −N — Current anchored VWAP is below most checkpoints → entrenched weakness.
• Between — Mixed, choppy, or transitioning regimes; use thresholds to avoid reacting to noise.
Why the asymmetric default thresholds?
• Long = score > upper (40) — Demands unusually broad upside persistence before declaring “long regime.”
• Short = crossunder lower (−10) — Triggers only on downward momentum events (a fresh breach), not merely being below −10. This combination tends to:
– Capture sustained uptrends only when they’re very strong.
– Flag downside turns as they occur, rather than waiting for an extreme negative breadth.
Tuning guide
Choose an anchor that matches your horizon
– Intraday scalps : Day anchor on intraday charts.
– Swing/position : Month or Quarter anchor on 1h/4h/D charts to capture institutional cycles.
Pick the for-loop window
– Larger N (bigger end) = stronger evidence requirement, smoother oscillator.
– Smaller N = faster, more reactive score.
Set achievable thresholds
– Ensure upper ≤ N and lower ≥ −N ; if N=30, an upper of 40 can never trigger.
– Symmetric setups (e.g., +20/−20) are fine if you want balanced behavior.
Match visuals to intent
– Enabling VWAP coloring lets you see regime directly on price.
– Background shading is useful for discretionary reading; turn it off for cleaner automation displays.
Playbook examples
• Trend confirmation with disciplined entries — On Month anchor, N=45, upper=38–42: when the long regime engages, use pullbacks toward anchored VWAP on the main pane for entries, with stops just beyond VWAP or a recent swing.
• Downside transition detection — Keep lower around −8…−12 and watch for crossunders; combine with price losing anchored VWAP to validate risk-off.
• Intraday bias filter — Day anchor on a 5–15m chart, N=20–30, upper ~ 16–20, lower ~ −6…−10. Only take longs while score is positive and above a midline you define (e.g., 0), and shorts only after a genuine crossunder.
Behavior around resets (important)
Anchored VWAP is hard-reset each period. Immediately after a reset, the series can be young and comparisons to pre-reset values may span two periods. If you prefer within-period evaluation only, choose end small enough not to bridge typical period length on your timeframe, or accept that the breadth test intentionally spans regimes.
Alerts included
• VWAP FL Long — Fires when the long condition is true (score > upper and not in short).
• VWAP FL Short — Fires on crossunder of the lower threshold (event-driven).
Messages include {{ticker}} and {{interval}} placeholders for routing.
Strengths
• Simple, transparent math — Easy to reason about and validate.
• Volume-aware by construction — Decisions reference VWAP, not just price.
• Robust to single-bar noise — Needs many lags to agree before flipping state (by design, via thresholds and the stateful output).
Limitations & cautions
• Threshold feasibility — If N < upper or |lower| > N, signals will never trigger; always cross-check N.
• Path dependence — The state variable persists until a new event; if you want frequent re-evaluation, lower thresholds or reduce N.
• Regime changes — Calendar resets can produce early ambiguity; expect a few bars for the breadth to mature.
• VWAP sensitivity to volume spikes — Large prints can tilt VWAP abruptly; that behavior is intentional in VWAP-based logic.
Suggested starting profiles
• Intraday trend bias : Anchor=Day, N=25 (1→25), upper=18–20, lower=−8, paint candles ON.
• Swing bias : Anchor=Month, N=45 (1→45), upper=38–42, lower=−10, VWAP coloring ON, background OFF.
• Balanced reactivity : Anchor=Week, N=30 (1→30), upper=20–22, lower=−10…−12, symmetric if desired.
Implementation notes
• The indicator runs in a separate pane (oscillator), but VWAP itself is drawn on price using forced overlay so you can see interactions (touches, reclaim/loss).
• HLC3 is used for VWAP price; that’s a common choice to dampen wick noise while still reflecting intrabar range.
• For-loop cap is kept modest (≤50) for performance and clarity.
How to use this responsibly
Treat the oscillator as a bias and persistence meter . Combine it with your entry framework (structure breaks, liquidity zones, higher-timeframe context) and risk controls. The design emphasizes clarity over complexity—its edge is in how strictly it demands agreement before declaring a regime, not in predicting specific turns.
Summary
VWAP For Loop distills the question “How broadly is the anchored, volume-weighted trend advancing or retreating?” into a single, thresholded score you can read at a glance, alert on, and color through your chart. With careful anchoring and thresholds sized to your window length, it becomes a pragmatic bias filter for both systematic and discretionary workflows.
Fibo Swing MFI by julzALGOOVERVIEW
Fibo Swing MFI by julzALGO blends MFI → RSI → Least-Squares smoothing to flag overbought/oversold swings and continuously plot Fibonacci retracements from the rolling high/low of the last 200 bars. It’s built to spot momentum shifts while giving you a clean, always-current fib map of the recent market range.
CORE PRINCIPLES
Hybrid Momentum Signal
- Uses MFI to integrate price and volume.
- Applies RSI to MFI for momentum clarity.
- Smooths the result with Least Squares regression to reduce noise.
Swing Identification
- Marks potential swing highs when momentum is overbought.
- Marks potential swing lows when momentum is oversold.
Fixed-Window Fibonacci Mapping
- Always calculates fib levels from the highest high and lowest low of the last 200 bars.
- This keeps fib zones consistent, independent of swing point detection.
Visual Clarity & Non-Repainting Logic
- Clean labels for OB/OS zones.
- Lines and levels update only as new bars confirm changes.
Adaptability
- Works on any market and timeframe.
- Adjustable momentum length, OB/OS thresholds, and smoothing.
HOW IT WORKS
- Computes Money Flow Index (MFI) from price & volume.
- Applies RSI to the MFI for clearer OB/OS momentum.
- Smooths the hybrid with a Least Squares (linear regression) filter.
- Swing labels appear when OB/OS conditions are met (green = swing low, red = swing high).
- Fibonacci retracements are always drawn from the highest high and lowest low of the last 200 bars (rolling window), independent of swing labels.
HOW TO USE
- Watch for OB/OS flips to mark potential swing highs/lows.
- Use the 200-bar fib grid as your active map of pullback levels and reaction zones.
- Combine fib reactions with your price action/volume cues for confirmation.
- Works across markets and timeframes.
SETTINGS
- Length – Period for both MFI and RSI.
- OB/OS Levels – Overbought/oversold thresholds (default 70/30).
- Smooth – Least-Squares smoothing length.
- Fibonacci Window – Fixed at 200 bars in this version (changeable in code via fibLen).
NOTES
- Logic is non-repainting aside from standard bar/label confirmation.
- Increase Length on very low timeframes to reduce noise.
- Swing labels help context; fibs are always based on the most recent 200-bar high/low range.
SUMMARY
Fibo Swing MFI by julzALGO is a momentum-plus-price action tool that merges MFI → RSI → smoothing to identify overbought/oversold swings and automatically plot Fibonacci retracements based on the rolling high/low of the last 200 bars. It’s designed to help traders quickly see potential reversal points and pullback zones, offering visual confluence between momentum shifts and fixed-window price structure.
DISCLAIMER
For educational purposes only. Not financial advice. Trade responsibly with proper risk management.
Post 9/21 EMA Cross — Paint X Bars* Watches for **9 EMA crossing the 21 EMA** (a classic momentum/trend trigger).
* When a cross happens, it **paints exactly X bars** after the cross in a color you choose:
* **Bullish cross (9 > 21):** paints your bullish color for X bars.
* **Bearish cross (9 < 21):** paints your bearish color for X bars.
* You decide whether the **cross bar itself counts** as the first painted bar.
* Optionally plots the 9 & 21 EMAs so you can see the cross visually.
# Why that’s useful
* **Focus:** It reduces noise by spotlighting the **immediate post‑cross window** when momentum often continues.
* **Discipline:** “Exactly X bars” forces consistency, avoiding “just one more bar” bias.
* **Speed:** Color‑coded candles make it easy to scan charts fast (great for intraday work).
# How signals are defined
* **Bullish condition:** `ta.crossover(EMA9, EMA21)` — the fast EMA crosses **up** through the slow EMA.
* **Bearish condition:** `ta.crossunder(EMA9, EMA21)` — the fast EMA crosses **down** through the slow EMA.
# Key inputs (and what they control)
* **Fast EMA Length (default 9)** and **Slow EMA Length (default 21)**
Change these if your system uses different lookbacks (e.g., 8/21 or 10/20).
***CURRENTLY THE EMA REMAINS STATIC ON THE CHART. PLOT EMA FROM EXTERNAL INDICATOR FOR NOW
* **Bars to Paint After a Cross (default 5)**
How many bars get highlighted post‑cross.
* **Include the Cross Bar Itself? (default off)**
Turn on if you want painting to start **on** the cross candle; off to start **after** it.
* **Bullish/Bearish Paint Colors**
Set your preferred colors (e.g., green/red).
* **Plot EMAs on Chart?**
If off, the logic still works; it just hides the EMA lines.
# What you’ll see on the chart
* Candles **recolored** for exactly X bars after each cross, matching the direction.
* (Optional) 9 & 21 EMA lines so you can confirm the cross visually.
* When the X‑bar window ends, candles return to normal until the **next** cross.
# Practical trading uses
* **Entry timing:** Consider entries only during the painted window to align with fresh momentum.
* **Scaling logic:** Scale in/out within the painted window; stop adding when painting ends.
* **Context filter:** Use the paint as a **“go / no‑go” overlay** on top of your pattern or level setups (breakouts, pullbacks to EMA, ORB, etc.).
Prev D/W/M + Asia & London Levels [Oeditrades]Prev D/W/M + Asia & London Levels
Author: Oeditrades
Platform: Pine Script® v6
What it does
Plots only the most recent, fully completed:
Previous Day / Week / Month highs & lows
Asia and London session highs & lows
Levels are drawn as true horizontal lines from the period/session start and extended to the right for easy confluence reading. The script is non-repainting.
How it works
Prev Day/Week/Month: Uses completed HTF candles (high / low ) so values are fixed for the entire next period.
Sessions (NY time): Asia (default 20:00–03:00) and London (default 03:00–08:00) are tracked in America/New_York time. High/low are locked when the session ends, and the line is anchored at that session’s start.
Inputs & customization
Visibility: toggle Previous Day/Week/Month, Asia, London, and labels.
Colors: highs default red; lows default green (user-configurable). Session highs default pink, lows aqua (also editable).
Style: line style (solid/dotted/dashed) and width.
Sessions: editable time windows for Asia and London (still interpreted in New York time).
Disclaimer: optional on-chart disclaimer panel with editable text.
Notes
Works on any timeframe. For intraday charts, the HTF values remain constant until the next HTF bar completes.
If your market’s overnight hours differ, simply adjust the session windows in Inputs.
Lines intentionally show only the latest completed period/session to keep charts clean.
Use cases
Quick view of PDH/PDL, PWH/PWL, PMH/PML for bias and liquidity.
Intraday planning around Asia/London range breaks, retests, and overlaps with prior levels.
Disclaimer
This tool is for educational purposes only and is not financial advice. Markets involve risk; past performance does not guarantee future results.
London & NY Session Markers + Pip MovementThis indicator visually marks the London and New York trading sessions on your chart and optionally calculates the pip range (high-low movement) during each session. It's specifically designed for Forex traders, helping you identify volatility windows and analyze market movement within major session times.
🔍 Key Features:
✅ Session Open/Close Markers
Draws vertical dotted lines at:
London Open (08:00 UK time)
London Close (11:00 UK time)
New York Open (14:00 UK time)
New York Close (17:00 UK time)
Each marker is labeled clearly ("London Open", "NY Close", etc.)
Uses color-coding for easy identification:
Aqua for London
Lime for New York
✅ Pip Range Display (Optional)
Measures the high-low price movement during each session.
Converts this movement into pips, using:
0.0001 pip size for most pairs
0.01 pip size for JPY pairs (auto-detected)
Displays a label (e.g., "London: 42.5 pips") above the candle at session close.
This feature can be toggled on/off via the settings panel.
✅ Time-Zone Aware
Session times are aligned to Europe/London time zone.
Adjusts automatically for Daylight Saving Time (DST).
✅ User Controls
Toggle visibility for:
London session markers
New York session markers
Pip range labels
📊 Use Cases:
Identify when liquidity and volatility increase, especially during session overlaps.
Analyze historical session-based volatility (e.g., compare NY vs. London pip ranges).
Combine with price action or indicator signals that work best in high-volume hours.
Optimize entry and exit timing based on session structure.
⚙️ Best Timeframes:
5-min to 1-hour charts for precise session tracking.
Works on Forex and CFD pairs with standard tick sizes.
⚠️ Notes:
This tool does not repaint and uses only completed bar data.
Pip calculation is based on the chart’s current symbol and tick size.
Designed for spot FX, not intended for cryptocurrencies or synthetic indices.
✅ Ideal For:
Forex Day Traders
Session-based Strategy Developers
London Breakout or NY Reversal Traders
Anyone analyzing volatility by session windows
High-Mid-Low 200 Day and Buy Levels and labels
Volume-Scaled PVR with Dynamic Buy Levels (ETF investing Visual Aid)
Description
This indicator is designed primarily for exchange-traded fund (ETF) traders and investors who seek a broad, visual tool to assist in identifying favorable buy and sell regions based on key price levels in relation to High and Lows of the ETF.
Key Features
Lookback Reference Levels:
Automatically identifies and plots key price levels within a user-defined lookback period:
Period High: Highest price in the lookback window.
Period Low: Lowest price in the lookback window.
Mid-Line: Midpoint between the period high and low.
Detailed Percentage Labels:
Displays percentage distances from the current price to the period high, period low, and their respective most recent occurrences, along with bar-counts for context, allowing quick assessment of price positioning relative to significant recent highs and lows.
Dynamic Buy-Level Lines for Multiple ETFs:
Supports a configurable list of ETF tickers with predefined buy price levels. When charting one of these ETFs, a horizontal line and label mark the specified buy price level, serving as a visual reminder or guide for entries.
Lightweight and Visual:
Designed to overlay directly on price charts with minimal clutter, providing clean and insightful visual references to inform buy-low and sell-high decisions.
How It Helps You
Offers broad, contextual cues to guide "buy low, sell high" strategies on ETFs by visualizing:
Where price currently stands within recent high/low ranges.
Specific buy price levels personalized for tracked ETFs as a check before committing.
Flexible lookback parameters allow tuning sensitivity to your preferred timeframes and trading style.
Usage Notes
Customize the list of ETFs and associated buy prices within the script via arrays to suit your watchlist. (Make a working copy to update Arrays, ensure pair matching).
Best applied on daily or higher timeframes for clearer trend dynamics.
This is a visual aid and should be combined with your own analysis and risk management techniques and other standard/established indicators.
Swing High/Low with Liquidity Sweeps🧠 Overview
This indicator identifies swing highs and swing lows based on user-defined candle lengths and checks for liquidity sweeps—situations where the price breaks a previous swing level but then closes back inside, indicating a potential false breakout or stop hunt. It also supports visual labeling and alerts for these events.
⚙️ Inputs
Swing Length (must be odd number ≥ 3):
Determines how many candles are used to identify swing highs/lows. The central candle must be higher or lower than all neighbors within the range.
Example: If swingLength = 5, the central candle must be higher/lower than the 2 candles on both sides.
Sweep Lookback (bars):
Defines how many bars to look back for possible liquidity sweeps.
Show Swing Labels (checkbox):
Optionally display labels on the chart when a swing high or low is detected.
Show Sweep Labels (checkbox):
Optionally display labels on the chart when a liquidity sweep occurs.
🕯️ Swing Detection Logic
A Swing High is detected when the high of the central candle is greater than the highs of all candles around it (as per the defined length).
A Swing Low is detected when the low of the central candle is lower than the lows of surrounding candles.
Swing labels are placed slightly above (for highs) or below (for lows) the candle.
💧 Liquidity Sweep Logic
A Sweep High is triggered if:
The current high breaks above a previously detected swing high,
And then the candle closes below that swing high,
Within the configured lookback window.
A Sweep Low is triggered if:
The current low breaks below a previous swing low,
And then closes above it,
Within the lookback window.
These are often seen as stop hunts or fake breakouts.
🔔 Alerts
Sweep High Alert: Triggered when a sweep above a swing high occurs.
Sweep Low Alert: Triggered when a sweep below a swing low occurs.
You can use these to set up TradingView alerts to notify you of potential liquidity grabs.
📊 Use Cases
Identifying market structure shifts.
Spotting fake breakouts and potential reversals.
Assisting in smart money concepts and liquidity-based trading.
Supporting entry timing in trend continuation or reversal strategies.
Timeframe Resistance Evaluation And Detection - CoffeeKillerTREAD - Timeframe Resistance Evaluation And Detection Guide
🔔 Important Technical Limitation 🔔
**This indicator does NOT fetch true higher timeframe data.** Instead, it simulates higher timeframe levels by aggregating data from your current chart timeframe. This means:
- Results will vary depending on what chart timeframe you're viewing
- Levels may not match actual higher timeframe candle highs/lows
- You might miss important wicks or gaps that occurred between chart timeframe bars
- **Always verify levels against actual higher timeframe charts before trading**
Welcome traders! This guide will walk you through the TREAD (Timeframe Resistance Evaluation And Detection) indicator, a multi-timeframe analysis tool developed by CoffeeKiller that identifies support and resistance confluence across different time periods.(I am 50+ year old trader and always thought I was bad a teaching and explaining so you get a AI guide. I personally use this on the 5 minute chart with the default settings, but to each there own and if you can improve the trend detection methods please DM me. I would like to see the code. Thanks)
Core Components
1. Dual Timeframe Level Tracking
- Short Timeframe Levels: Tracks opening price extremes within shorter periods
- Long Timeframe Levels: Tracks actual high/low extremes within longer periods
- Dynamic Reset Mechanism: Levels reset at the start of each new timeframe period
- Momentum Detection: Identifies when levels change mid-period, indicating active price movement
2. Visual Zone System
- High Zones: Areas between long timeframe highs and short timeframe highs
- Low Zones: Areas between long timeframe lows and short timeframe lows
- Fill Coloring: Dynamic colors based on whether levels are static or actively changing
- Momentum Highlighting: Special colors when levels break during active periods
3. Customizable Display Options
- Multiple Plot Styles: Line, circles, or cross markers
- Flexible Timeframe Selection: Wide range of short and long timeframe combinations
- Color Customization: Separate colors for each level type and momentum state
- Toggle Controls: Show/hide different elements based on trading preference
Main Features
Timeframe Settings
- Short Timeframe Options: 15m, 30m, 1h, 2h, 4h
- Long Timeframe Options: 1h, 2h, 4h, 8h, 12h, 1D, 1W
- Recommended Combinations:
- Scalping: 15m/1h or 30m/2h
- Day Trading: 30m/4h or 1h/4h
- Swing Trading: 4h/1D or 1D/1W
Display Configuration
- Level Visibility: Toggle short/long timeframe levels independently
- Fill Zone Control: Enable/disable colored zones between levels
- Momentum Fills: Special highlighting for actively changing levels
- Line Customization: Width, style, and color options for all elements
Color System
- Short TF High: Default red for resistance levels
- Short TF Low: Default green for support levels
- Long TF High: Transparent red for broader resistance context
- Long TF Low: Transparent green for broader support context
- Momentum Colors: Brighter colors when levels are actively changing
Technical Implementation Details
How Level Tracking Works
The indicator uses a custom tracking function that:
1. Detects Timeframe Periods: Uses `time()` function to identify when new periods begin
2. Tracks Extremes: Monitors highest/lowest values within each period
3. Resets on New Periods: Clears tracking when timeframe periods change
4. Updates Mid-Period: Continues tracking if new extremes are reached
The Timeframe Limitation Explained
`pinescript
// What the indicator does:
short_tf_start = ta.change(time(short_timeframe)) != 0 // Detects 30m period start
= track_highest(open, short_tf_start) // BUT uses chart TF opens!
// What true multi-timeframe would be:
// short_tf_high = request.security(syminfo.tickerid, short_timeframe, high)
`
This means:
- On a 5m chart with 30m/4h settings: Tracks 5m bar opens during 30m and 4h windows
- On a 1m chart with same settings: Tracks 1m bar opens during 30m and 4h windows
- Results will be different between chart timeframes
- May miss important price action that occurred between your chart's bars
Visual Elements
1. Level Lines
- Short TF High: Upper resistance line from shorter timeframe analysis
- Short TF Low: Lower support line from shorter timeframe analysis
- Long TF High: Broader resistance context from longer timeframe
- Long TF Low: Broader support context from longer timeframe
2. Zone Fills
- High Zone: Area between long TF high and short TF high (potential resistance cluster)
- Low Zone: Area between long TF low and short TF low (potential support cluster)
- Regular Fill: Standard transparency when levels are static
- Momentum Fill: Enhanced visibility when levels are actively changing
3. Dynamic Coloring
- Static Periods: Normal colors when levels haven't changed recently
- Active Periods: Momentum colors when levels are being tested/broken
- Confluence Zones: Different intensities based on timeframe alignment
Trading Applications
1. Support/Resistance Trading
- Entry Points: Trade bounces from zone boundaries
- Confluence Areas: Focus on areas where short and long TF levels cluster
- Zone Breaks: Enter on confirmed breaks through entire zones
- Multiple Timeframe Confirmation: Stronger signals when both timeframes align
2. Range Trading
- Zone Boundaries: Use fill zones as range extremes
- Mean Reversion: Trade back toward opposite zone when price reaches extremes
- Breakout Preparation: Watch for momentum color changes indicating potential breakouts
- Risk Management: Place stops outside the opposite zone
3. Trend Following
- Direction Bias: Trade in direction of zone breaks
- Pullback Entries: Enter on pullbacks to broken zones (now support/resistance)
- Momentum Confirmation: Use momentum coloring to confirm trend strength
- Multiple Timeframe Alignment: Strongest trends when both timeframes agree
4. Scalping Applications
- Quick Bounces: Trade rapid moves between zone boundaries
- Momentum Signals: Enter when momentum colors appear
- Short-Term Targets: Use opposite zone as profit target
- Tight Stops: Place stops just outside current zone
Optimization Guide
1. Timeframe Selection
For Different Trading Styles:
- Scalping: 15m/1h - Quick levels, frequent updates
- Day Trading: 30m/4h - Balanced view, good for intraday moves
- Swing Trading: 4h/1D - Longer-term perspective, fewer false signals
- Position Trading: 1D/1W - Major structural levels
2. Chart Timeframe Considerations
**Important**: Your chart timeframe affects results
- Lower Chart TF: More granular level tracking, but may be noisy
- Higher Chart TF: Smoother levels, but may miss important price action
- Recommended: Use chart timeframe 2-4x smaller than short indicator timeframe
3. Display Settings
- Busy Charts: Disable fills, show only key levels
- Clean Analysis: Enable all fills and momentum coloring
- Multi-Monitor Setup: Use different color schemes for easy identification
- Mobile Trading: Increase line width for visibility
Best Practices
1. Level Verification
- Always Cross-Check: Verify levels against actual higher timeframe charts
- Multiple Timeframes: Check 2-3 different chart timeframes for consistency
- Price Action Confirmation: Wait for candlestick confirmation at levels
- Volume Analysis: Combine with volume for stronger confirmation
2. Risk Management
- Stop Placement: Use zones rather than exact prices for stops
- Position Sizing: Reduce size when zones are narrow (higher risk)
- Multiple Targets: Scale out at different zone boundaries
- False Break Protection: Allow for minor zone penetrations
3. Signal Quality Assessment
- Momentum Colors: Higher probability when momentum coloring appears
- Zone Width: Wider zones often provide stronger support/resistance
- Historical Testing: Backtest on your preferred timeframe combinations
- Market Conditions: Adjust sensitivity based on volatility
Advanced Features
1. Momentum Detection System
The indicator tracks when levels change mid-period:
`pinescript
short_high_changed = short_high != short_high and not short_tf_start
`
This identifies:
- Active level testing
- Potential breakout situations
- Increased market volatility
- Trend acceleration points
2. Dynamic Color System
Complex conditional logic determines fill colors:
- Static Zones: Regular transparency for stable levels
- Active Zones: Enhanced colors for changing levels
- Mixed States: Different combinations based on user preferences
- Custom Overrides: User can prioritize certain color schemes
3. Zone Interaction Analysis
- Convergence: When short and long TF levels approach each other
- Divergence: When timeframes show conflicting levels
- Alignment: When both timeframes agree on direction
- Transition: When one timeframe changes while other remains static
Common Issues and Solutions
1. Inconsistent Levels
Problem: Levels look different on various chart timeframes
Solution: Always verify against actual higher timeframe charts
2. Missing Price Action
Problem: Important wicks or gaps not reflected in levels
Solution: Use chart timeframe closer to indicator's short timeframe setting
3. Too Many Signals
Problem: Excessive level changes and momentum alerts
Solution: Increase timeframe settings or reduce chart timeframe granularity
4. Lagging Signals
Problem: Levels seem to update too slowly
Solution: Decrease chart timeframe or use more sensitive timeframe combinations
Recommended Setups
Conservative Approach
- Timeframes: 4h/1D
- Chart: 1h
- Display: Show fills only, no momentum coloring
- Use: Swing trading, position management
Aggressive Approach
- Timeframes: 15m/1h
- Chart: 5m
- Display: All features enabled, momentum highlighting
- Use: Scalping, quick reversal trades
Balanced Approach
- Timeframes: 30m/4h
- Chart: 15m
- Display: Selective fills, momentum on key levels
- Use: Day trading, multi-session analysis
Final Notes
**Remember**: This indicator provides a synthetic view of multi-timeframe levels, not true higher timeframe data. While useful for identifying potential confluence areas, always verify important levels by checking actual higher timeframe charts.
**Best Results When**:
- Combined with actual multi-timeframe analysis
- Used for confluence confirmation rather than primary signals
- Applied with proper risk management
- Verified against price action and volume
**DISCLAIMER**: This indicator and its signals are intended solely for educational and informational purposes. The timeframe limitation means results may not reflect true higher timeframe levels. Always conduct your own analysis and verify levels independently before making trading decisions. Trading involves significant risk of loss.
Killzones [Plug&Play]Highlight the most important institutional trading hours with precision.
The Setup Agent Killzones indicator automatically plots vertical lines to mark the key “Killzone” windows each day — London (08:00–09:00) and New York (15:00–16:00), shown in UK time. These timeframes represent periods of high volatility, where smart money activity is most likely to create the day’s major moves.
How it works:
Instantly visualise the London and New York Killzones with subtle vertical lines.
Customise which sessions to show to fit your trading style.
Stay focused on the windows where market makers are most active.
Perfect for intraday traders and anyone using session-based strategies.
Combine with our session indicator for a complete Plug&Play edge.
Why EMA Isn't What You Think It IsMany new traders adopt the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) believing it's simply a "better Simple Moving Average (SMA)". This common misconception leads to fundamental misunderstandings about how EMA works and when to use it.
EMA and SMA differ at their core. SMA use a window of finite number of data points, giving equal weight to each data point in the calculation period. This makes SMA a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter in signal processing terms. Remember that FIR means that "all that we need is the 'period' number of data points" to calculate the filter value. Anything beyond the given period is not relevant to FIR filters – much like how a security camera with 14-day storage automatically overwrites older footage, making last month's activity completely invisible regardless of how important it might have been.
EMA, however, is an Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter. It uses ALL historical data, with each past price having a diminishing - but never zero - influence on the calculated value. This creates an EMA response that extends infinitely into the past—not just for the last N periods. IIR filters cannot be precise if we give them only a 'period' number of data to work on - they will be off-target significantly due to lack of context, like trying to understand Game of Thrones by watching only the final season and wondering why everyone's so upset about that dragon lady going full pyromaniac.
If we only consider a number of data points equal to the EMA's period, we are capturing no more than 86.5% of the total weight of the EMA calculation. Relying on he period window alone (the warm-up period) will provide only 1 - (1 / e^2) weights, which is approximately 1−0.1353 = 0.8647 = 86.5%. That's like claiming you've read a book when you've skipped the first few chapters – technically, you got most of it, but you probably miss some crucial early context.
▶️ What is period in EMA used for?
What does a period parameter really mean for EMA? When we select a 15-period EMA, we're not selecting a window of 15 data points as with an SMA. Instead, we are using that number to calculate a decay factor (α) that determines how quickly older data loses influence in EMA result. Every trader knows EMA calculation: α = 1 / (1+period) – or at least every trader claims to know this while secretly checking the formula when they need it.
Thinking in terms of "period" seriously restricts EMA. The α parameter can be - should be! - any value between 0.0 and 1.0, offering infinite tuning possibilities of the indicator. When we limit ourselves to whole-number periods that we use in FIR indicators, we can only access a small subset of possible IIR calculations – it's like having access to the entire RGB color spectrum with 16.7 million possible colors but stubbornly sticking to the 8 basic crayons in a child's first art set because the coloring book only mentioned those by name.
For example:
Period 10 → alpha = 0.1818
Period 11 → alpha = 0.1667
What about wanting an alpha of 0.17, which might yield superior returns in your strategy that uses EMA? No whole-number period can provide this! Direct α parameterization offers more precision, much like how an analog tuner lets you find the perfect radio frequency while digital presets force you to choose only from predetermined stations, potentially missing the clearest signal sitting right between channels.
Sidenote: the choice of α = 1 / (1+period) is just a convention from 1970s, probably started by J. Welles Wilder, who popularized the use of the 14-day EMA. It was designed to create an approximate equivalence between EMA and SMA over the same number of periods, even thought SMA needs a period window (as it is FIR filter) and EMA doesn't. In reality, the decay factor α in EMA should be allowed any valye between 0.0 and 1.0, not just some discrete values derived from an integer-based period! Algorithmic systems should find the best α decay for EMA directly, allowing the system to fine-tune at will and not through conversion of integer period to float α decay – though this might put a few traditionalist traders into early retirement. Well, to prevent that, most traditionalist implementations of EMA only use period and no alpha at all. Heaven forbid we disturb people who print their charts on paper, draw trendlines with rulers, and insist the market "feels different" since computers do algotrading!
▶️ Calculating EMAs Efficiently
The standard textbook formula for EMA is:
EMA = CurrentPrice × alpha + PreviousEMA × (1 - alpha)
But did you know that a more efficient version exists, once you apply a tiny bit of high school algebra:
EMA = alpha × (CurrentPrice - PreviousEMA) + PreviousEMA
The first one requires three operations: 2 multiplications + 1 addition. The second one also requires three ops: 1 multiplication + 1 addition + 1 subtraction.
That's pathetic, you say? Not worth implementing? In most computational models, multiplications cost much more than additions/subtractions – much like how ordering dessert costs more than asking for a water refill at restaurants.
Relative CPU cost of float operations :
Addition/Subtraction: ~1 cycle
Multiplication: ~5 cycles (depending on precision and architecture)
Now you see the difference? 2 * 5 + 1 = 11 against 5 + 1 + 1 = 7. That is ≈ 36.36% efficiency gain just by swapping formulas around! And making your high school math teacher proud enough to finally put your test on the refrigerator.
▶️ The Warmup Problem: how to start the EMA sequence right
How do we calculate the first EMA value when there's no previous EMA available? Let's see some possible options used throughout the history:
Start with zero : EMA(0) = 0. This creates stupidly large distortion until enough bars pass for the horrible effect to diminish – like starting a trading account with zero balance but backdating a year of missed trades, then watching your balance struggle to climb out of a phantom debt for months.
Start with first price : EMA(0) = first price. This is better than starting with zero, but still causes initial distortion that will be extra-bad if the first price is an outlier – like forming your entire opinion of a stock based solely on its IPO day price, then wondering why your model is tanking for weeks afterward.
Use SMA for warmup : This is the tradition from the pencil-and-paper era of technical analysis – when calculators were luxury items and "algorithmic trading" meant your broker had neat handwriting. We first calculate an SMA over the initial period, then kickstart the EMA with this average value. It's widely used due to tradition, not merit, creating a mathematical Frankenstein that uses an FIR filter (SMA) during the initial period before abruptly switching to an IIR filter (EMA). This methodology is so aesthetically offensive (abrupt kink on the transition from SMA to EMA) that charting platforms hide these early values entirely, pretending EMA simply doesn't exist until the warmup period passes – the technical analysis equivalent of sweeping dust under the rug.
Use WMA for warmup : This one was never popular because it is harder to calculate with a pencil - compared to using simple SMA for warmup. Weighted Moving Average provides a much better approximation of a starting value as its linear descending profile is much closer to the EMA's decay profile.
These methods all share one problem: they produce inaccurate initial values that traders often hide or discard, much like how hedge funds conveniently report awesome performance "since strategy inception" only after their disastrous first quarter has been surgically removed from the track record.
▶️ A Better Way to start EMA: Decaying compensation
Think of it this way: An ideal EMA uses an infinite history of prices, but we only have data starting from a specific point. This creates a problem - our EMA starts with an incorrect assumption that all previous prices were all zero, all close, or all average – like trying to write someone's biography but only having information about their life since last Tuesday.
But there is a better way. It requires more than high school math comprehension and is more computationally intensive, but is mathematically correct and numerically stable. This approach involves compensating calculated EMA values for the "phantom data" that would have existed before our first price point.
Here's how phantom data compensation works:
We start our normal EMA calculation:
EMA_today = EMA_yesterday + α × (Price_today - EMA_yesterday)
But we add a correction factor that adjusts for the missing history:
Correction = 1 at the start
Correction = Correction × (1-α) after each calculation
We then apply this correction:
True_EMA = Raw_EMA / (1-Correction)
This correction factor starts at 1 (full compensation effect) and gets exponentially smaller with each new price bar. After enough data points, the correction becomes so small (i.e., below 0.0000000001) that we can stop applying it as it is no longer relevant.
Let's see how this works in practice:
For the first price bar:
Raw_EMA = 0
Correction = 1
True_EMA = Price (since 0 ÷ (1-1) is undefined, we use the first price)
For the second price bar:
Raw_EMA = α × (Price_2 - 0) + 0 = α × Price_2
Correction = 1 × (1-α) = (1-α)
True_EMA = α × Price_2 ÷ (1-(1-α)) = Price_2
For the third price bar:
Raw_EMA updates using the standard formula
Correction = (1-α) × (1-α) = (1-α)²
True_EMA = Raw_EMA ÷ (1-(1-α)²)
With each new price, the correction factor shrinks exponentially. After about -log₁₀(1e-10)/log₁₀(1-α) bars, the correction becomes negligible, and our EMA calculation matches what we would get if we had infinite historical data.
This approach provides accurate EMA values from the very first calculation. There's no need to use SMA for warmup or discard early values before output converges - EMA is mathematically correct from first value, ready to party without the awkward warmup phase.
Here is Pine Script 6 implementation of EMA that can take alpha parameter directly (or period if desired), returns valid values from the start, is resilient to dirty input values, uses decaying compensator instead of SMA, and uses the least amount of computational cycles possible.
// Enhanced EMA function with proper initialization and efficient calculation
ema(series float source, simple int period=0, simple float alpha=0)=>
// Input validation - one of alpha or period must be provided
if alpha<=0 and period<=0
runtime.error("Alpha or period must be provided")
// Calculate alpha from period if alpha not directly specified
float a = alpha > 0 ? alpha : 2.0 / math.max(period, 1)
// Initialize variables for EMA calculation
var float ema = na // Stores raw EMA value
var float result = na // Stores final corrected EMA
var float e = 1.0 // Decay compensation factor
var bool warmup = true // Flag for warmup phase
if not na(source)
if na(ema)
// First value case - initialize EMA to zero
// (we'll correct this immediately with the compensation)
ema := 0
result := source
else
// Standard EMA calculation (optimized formula)
ema := a * (source - ema) + ema
if warmup
// During warmup phase, apply decay compensation
e *= (1-a) // Update decay factor
float c = 1.0 / (1.0 - e) // Calculate correction multiplier
result := c * ema // Apply correction
// Stop warmup phase when correction becomes negligible
if e <= 1e-10
warmup := false
else
// After warmup, EMA operates without correction
result := ema
result // Return the properly compensated EMA value
▶️ CONCLUSION
EMA isn't just a "better SMA"—it is a fundamentally different tool, like how a submarine differs from a sailboat – both float, but the similarities end there. EMA responds to inputs differently, weighs historical data differently, and requires different initialization techniques.
By understanding these differences, traders can make more informed decisions about when and how to use EMA in trading strategies. And as EMA is embedded in so many other complex and compound indicators and strategies, if system uses tainted and inferior EMA calculatiomn, it is doing a disservice to all derivative indicators too – like building a skyscraper on a foundation of Jell-O.
The next time you add an EMA to your chart, remember: you're not just looking at a "faster moving average." You're using an INFINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE filter that carries the echo of all previous price actions, properly weighted to help make better trading decisions.
EMA done right might significantly improve the quality of all signals, strategies, and trades that rely on EMA somewhere deep in its algorithmic bowels – proving once again that math skills are indeed useful after high school, no matter what your guidance counselor told you.
TLC sessionA Professional Intraday Session Tracker with VWAP and Economic Event Integration
Description
This indicator provides visual tracking of major trading sessions (Asian, London, New York) combined with VWAP calculations and macroeconomic event zones. It's designed for intraday traders who need to monitor session overlaps, liquidity periods, and high-impact news events.
The basic script of trading sessions was taken as a basis and refined for greater convenience.
Key Features:
Customizable Session Tracking: Visualize up to 3 trading sessions with adjustable time zones (supports IANA & GMT formats)
Dynamic VWAP Integration: Built-in Volume-Weighted Average Price calculation
Macro Event Zones: Highlights key economic announcement windows (adjustable for summer/winter time)
Price Action Visualization: Displays open/close prices, session ranges, and average price levels
Automatic DST Adjustment: Uses IANA timezone database for daylight savings awareness
How It Works
1. Trading Session Detection
Three fully configurable sessions (e.g., Asia, London, New York)
Each session displays:
Colored background zone
Opening price (dashed line)
Closing price (dashed line)
Average price (dotted line)
Optional label with session name
2. VWAP Calculation
Standard Volume-Weighted Average Price plotted as circled line
Helps identify fair value within each session
3. Macro Event Zones
Special highlighted period for economic news releases
Automatically adjusts for summer/winter time
Default set to 1000-1200 (summer) or 0900-1100 (winter) GMT-5 (US session open)
Why This Indicator is Unique
Multi-Session Awareness
Unlike simple session indicators, this tool:
Tracks price development within each session
Shows session overlaps (critical for volatility periods)
Maintains separate VWAP calculations across sessions
Professional-Grade Features
IANA timezone support (automatic DST handling)
Customizable visual elements (toggle labels, ranges, averages)
Object-based architecture (clean, efficient rendering)
News event integration (helps avoid trading during high-impact releases)
Usage Recommendations
Best Timeframes
1-minute to 1-hour charts (intraday focus)
Not recommended for daily+ timeframes
Trading Applications
1. Session Breakout Strategy: Trade breakouts when London/New York sessions open
2. VWAP Reversion: Fade moves that deviate too far from VWAP
3. News Avoidance: Reduce position sizing during macro event windows
Visual Example
Asian session (red)
London session (blue)
New York session (purple)
Macro event zone (white)
VWAP line (gold circles)
The basic script of trading sessions was taken as a basis and refined for greater convenience.
